Anemia is a blood disorder that prevails due to insufficiency of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Due to this, the tissues and organs do not receive enough oxygen needed for a well-regulated body. In some types of anemia, the shape, size, and color of RBCs change. While in normocytic anemia, cells are of the same size but low in quantity. This blog provides valuable insights into the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of the condition.
A closer look into normocytic anemia
This is the most common form of anemia affecting 6.6 % of men and 12.4 % of women. It happens when the body has fewer red blood cells than usual, or the cells carry low hemoglobin. The condition can develop on its own, however, it is mostly due to other underlying health problems.
Normocytic anemia causes
People with a family history of normocytic anemia are more likely to get it. This means that it can pass on genetically transferred and is congenital. In this type, the body’s ability to produce red blood cells is weakened. Also, it can be because the body destroys them faster than usual, leading to abnormal hemolysis. Other times, it can develop as a side-effect of some medicine.
But in most cases, this is an acquired condition, meaning that it arises later because of some other cause, like a serious illness. Primarily, this type of anemia falls under the category of inflammatory anemia or anemia of chronic disease (ACD). Often, inflammation due to any disease can hinder the quality and quantity of red blood cells. Occasionally, the condition prevails due to blood loss after an injury, delivery, or heavy period flow.
Medical conditions that can lead to normocytic anemia
Bone marrow is responsible for producing blood cells to maintain a smooth flow of bodily operations. Some diseases can interfere with the process of RBC maturation, eventually leading to normocytic anemia. Some of these illnesses are as follows:
- Viral, allergic, and bacterial infections
- Renal disorders
- Inflammatory bowel disorder
- Cancer
- Obesity
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Vitamin B12 and iron deficiency
- Bone marrow disorders (aplastic anemia)
- Inflammatory conditions like vasculitis and sarcoidosis
- Pregnancy and menstrual problems
Normocytic anemia symptoms
Generally, symptoms vary in different people based on the condition’s severity level and cause. In some patients, they may be very harsh while some people might not feel any symptoms. Common symptoms include:
Fatigue: Frequently, a chronic feeling of exhaustion is a crucial sign.
Pale Skin: Significant reduction in blood flow might result in yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes.
Weakness: A lot of people express an overall state of being lethargic or weak.
Breathlessness: Precisely, this could become more noticeable when you strain yourself physically.
Dizziness or Lightheadedness: Some individuals experience these symptoms, particularly when standing up quickly.
Rapid heartbeat: Due to lower oxygen levels, the heart has to work harder.
Dry skin: Usually, the skin of anemic people is dry, brittle, and bruises easily.
Note:
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, consider getting expert medical advice. Early detection and timely intervention are key to maintaining a healthy body.
Diagnosis
Most blood disorders are easily diagnosed using a series of laboratory tests. Typically, normocytic anemia can be detected in a complete blood count test (CBC). If the results are positive, further testing may be advised to validate an underlying condition. These tests may include:
Reticulocyte Count: Commonly, this test measures the number of young red blood cells in circulation, providing insight into how well your body is producing them.
Iron Studies: Secondly, while normocytic anemia is not primarily due to iron deficiency, it’s important to rule out iron deficiency anemia.
Peripheral blood smear: Next, it is performed by medical professionals to determine the underlying cause of normocytic anemia.
Bone Marrow Biopsy: In some cases, a bone marrow biopsy may be performed to assess the health and functionality of the bone marrow.
Treatment options
Luckily, there are multiple treatment options available for normocytic anemia. However, the method primarily hinges on its underlying cause. Therefore, if the anemia is secondary to a chronic disease, effectively managing that condition is essential. Likewise, for hormonal imbalances, hormone replacement therapies are employed, while autoimmune-related causes require immunosuppressive medications.
Although iron deficiency is not typically a factor in normocytic anemia, maintaining a well-balanced diet is important for overall health.
In more severe cases, blood transfusions may be necessary to quickly restore red blood cell levels. Additionally, individuals with bone marrow disorders might benefit from medications that stimulate red blood cell production. In severe situations, you may need bone marrow transplants. Collaboration with your healthcare provider is essential for developing a tailored treatment plan.
Dealing with Anemia Normocytic
Remember, managing normocytic anemia entails more than just taking medication as prescribed. The following are some methods for managing this disease well:
Remain Informed: Being aware of your situation gives you the capacity to make wise decisions regarding your health.
Monitor Symptoms: Keeping track of any changes in your health is vital for early discussion with your healthcare practitioner.
Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: You can improve your general well-being by eating a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, and managing your stress.
Rest: Anemia drains your energy. Make every effort to obtain enough sleep.
Drink more water: Keep yourself hydrated by drinking adequate water.
Maintain good hygiene: Try your best to prevent infections by routinely washing and sanitizing your hands.
Frequent Follow-Ups: Having regular check-ups will help you keep an eye on your condition and modify your treatment plan as needed.
Wrap-up
To sum up, anemia is a blood condition caused by a lack of hemoglobin or healthy red blood cells. The result: there is a lack of oxygen supply for the tissues and organs to maintain proper regulation. Sometimes, RBCs can alter in size, shape, and color in certain kinds of anemia. In contrast, the cells in normocytic anemia are less in number but of the same size. This can lead to unpleasant symptoms that hinder the quality of life. For example, pale skin, excessive tiredness, dizziness, and rapid heartbeat.
Also, to properly manage the condition, contact a healthcare professional and get customized treatment. In combination with clinical care, it is also necessary to take good care of yourself at home. Some beneficial steps for people living with normocytic anemia are plenty of rest, hydration, stress management, and a healthy diet.
